Shower-pipe for paper-making machines.



I. W. VEDDER.

SHOWER PIPE FOR PAPER MAKING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV; 21, I9I5.

Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

mwm.

provide a highly eflicient,

JOHN WARREN VEDIIDER, 0F WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

SHOWER-PIPE FOB. PAPER-MAKING tractor.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 27, 1915. Serial No. 63,857.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN DER, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Wilmington, Dela- -Ware, have invented a new and useful l[m provefnent in Shower-Pipes for Paper- Making Machines, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

The present invention is an improvement WARREN- VJED- in wash or so-called shower 'pipes which are particularly designed for use in cleansing. various parts of paper-making machinery, such as the Fourdrinier wire, felt conveyers, rolls and the'like; and the objects of the lnvention, among others, are to ple device of this character, which will throw an unbroken sheet of water or liquid of sub- I st'antially uniform force and velocity along the line Where it strikes the Fourdrinier wire, felt,'r.oll, or other body to be cleansed,

durable andsim- A the efiective velocity foma given water pres sure being greater than any heretofore at- 'tained; and to provide'a shower pipe which,

while producing a slfeet offhigh and substantially uniform velocity throughout, will also be economical in the use of water.

- Absolute cleanliness of the parts of a paper-making machine-particularly at the- Fourdrinier fend thereofisa- "sine qua wwn of 'perfect' .paper; and hence it .is :quite necessary to remove from"- to be cleaned all fibers, forei dontained in the pulp, etc.- *A 'de from this to wasl'rall of the stock-from matter of preventing jim uritis from getsolutely necessaryting into the ,paper,-it is a the Four-dirt nier Wire throughoutaits width, before the I hundred. dollars, it isappreciated' that this travels up to same passes over the first wirersupporting roll after'jthe wire hascouch roll; I for,

matter of washing by means of an efficient shower pipe is of prime importance.

It is pointed out that the velocity of the unbroken sheet and the volume ofwater used Patented ape as, mm.

with a given unit length of shower pipe dev pend primarily upon the water pressure and quantity of water available. The pressure s v in the usual mill vary between ten and forty pounds, and it is practically always necessary to secure the maximum velocity with such low pressures. Further, a shower pipe that was otherwise eificient but was wasteful of, or in other words, used too much, water, would have little commercial availability, for the reason, among others, that the water thus used would dilute the stock, clay, and sizing to a'degree that would prevent economical handling; and the recovery of the stock washed from the wire is economically necessary. It is therefore desired to use the minimum volume of fluid that will do the work and, with the pressures usually available at mills, at the maximum efl'ective velocity at the point of work; and the device of the present invention is adapted for 'this purpose. v

.lBriel-ly' stated, these objects areattained I by causing'tlle streams of liquid that pass through a row of perforations, nozzles, or

the parts substances orifices, longitudinally arranged along a pipe, to impinge or hit against similar st'reamspassing through a' second row of orifices-longitudinally: arranged along the pipe, one orifice of each row being arranged in. the same transverse plane as an orifice in the; other row, and said orifices being so gspacedithat the liquid of the various streams passed the bottom if a -narrow strip of rthe pulp were to pass around the bottom couch 'roll and. was not washed off of thewi'rebefore it reached the first wire-supporting roll,u

it. would adhere to said wire-supporting roll and, in a very few minutes (the Fourdrinien wire on a ,modern paper-making machine 700 feet per. minute), would wind up on said roll to an extent suficient will merge or be converted into a single unbroken sheet of liquid midway between the rows of orifices and radial to' the pipe and of substantially equal strength throughout.

To secure the best results, it is necessary to have each pair of nozzles eliver the same volume of water, and therefore thenozzles must be kept clean and open.- Accordingly, a further obj'ectgofthe present invention is to provide an improved cleaning device for to break or rupture the Fourdrinier wire.

When it is considered that the normaLlife of such a wire is only two or three weeks, and

that such a wire costs between two and three the shower pipe, said cleaning device being mount d on the .yalve stem which controls the on et. The' result of this is that the swalobingv or cleaning action cannot be started until the wash-out valve is open, thus causing all dirt removed to flow through the.

outlet rather than through the'perforations through a perforation 4 whereinmore, objectionable.

The invention will be 'better understood by reference to the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a longitudilial sectional view through a preferred form of shower pipe and its end "fittings embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is across-section through a pipecircular both inside and outside, to which two perforated strips are brazed or soldered; Fig. 3 is a similar View of a pipe to which perforated buttons are secured;

- Fig. 4 is a face view of one of said buttons;

Fig. 5 is a similar view of a pipe to which a single perforated strip is soldered or brazed; Fig. 6 is a face view of, and Fig. 7 a cross-sectional view through, a shower pipe, such. as is shown in Fig. 1, provided on the exterior with an integral rib in which the orifices or perforations may be' formed. 7 Fig. 8 is a sectional view through a nozzle or perforation in the form, of a Borda mouth-piece; and- Fig. 9 is a similar View or orifice 1n the form of a Ventun nozzle;

Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals indicate like parts, 12

secured a suitable indicates a shower pipe, preferably formed of extruded metal, to one extremity of which secured in any suitable'manner, as. by. screw-threaded engagement, a T end-fitting 13 provided with an opening 14 in which is conduit (not shown) leading to a water or other .liquidsupply. At its other end said pipe 12 engages an end fitting 15 which accommodates a suitablevalve 16, which valve is normally seated to could be spaced prevent'the liquid from passing out through a waste passage 17 in'said fitting. The liquid is thus normally forced to pass out of pipe 12 through two rows of perforations 1? and 18"'arranged longitudinally of said plpe.

Heretofore it has been usual to provide a single row of perforations arranged longitudinally of the pipe through which the streams of water passed directly to the wire or other body to be cleansed. In sucha construction the nozzles or perforations were 55, spaced about one inch apart. It has alsosbeen usual heretofore to such a single row a stationary lip or splatter board, as in the patent to Millspaugh; No. February 14, 1905, thus convertin era'l streams intofa singleas'hee t. n-such a construction the nozzles or perforations about three inches apart. This splatter board construction while possessing some advantages; was found to largely reduce the efiiciency of the pipe, the

pro ect the water from.

similarly arranged,

- tion of the of perforations a ainst velocity of the water being reduced when it impinged against the lip or splatter board.

This is a matter of great importance for, in the average mill, the water pressure is between ten and forty pounds, and to clean effectively and efliciently the wire and other parts, 1t is usually necessary to utilize every ounce of pressure available.

It has been discovered that, if the streams of water or other liquid longitudinal row of per orations, orifices or nozzles, as 18, impinge 'or hit against the streams from corresponding orifices, as 18, and at not too obtuse an angle, the speed of travel of the streams passing through each longitudinalrow of orifices being the same, practically none of the velocity of the streams will be dissipated; and, for a given water pressure, the velocity-and force of the unbroken sheet of liquid as it acts on the body to be cleaned will greatly exceed that he 'tofore attained.

The formation of such a unbroken sheet of water requires a certain angular relaperfiorations of one series with respect to those of another. Further, in order that the streams from any given pair of nozzles shall exactly and squarely) impinge upon each other, it is necessary that they have certainty of direction; and to this end, the perforations or nozzles must have a bore of sufficient length to give the streams the necessary direction or aim.

It has been,experienced that there is a limitation of the angular relation of each pair of orifices.- and 184 as 120, there would be no sheet" formation at any practical working pressure, but only a fine spray would be produced. To secure this unbroken sheet formation; it has been found that each pair of orifices 18 and 18'- should be arranged at from 453 to 609' at working pressures of from ten "to forty pounds. Variations .between these limits may be had depending upon the water pressure available, the nearness of the shower pipe to the wire or felt and the spacing of the orificesf v t It has further bee found by experimgn t that a bore of less than two di'ametersis oo If, for example, orifices l8 were arranged at as great an angle short; and that it will .not continue to give,

directing or aiming action may be effectively secured.

or fibrous matter a which more easily diverts or misdirects the, a 'stre'amsfr'om short-bored nozzles or OIlfiCGS ,than froni long ones, of three diameters ormores Preferably the length of eachbore is three diameters or more, in order that this It has been discovered that there is a slight tendency for the effective velocity and By way of example, it may be notedthat desirable results have been secured with orifices from 5/ to 7/64" in diameter, the

included angles of the orifices being from to 60 and spaced from 2% to 3% apart in each row. With this arrangement there has been sec ed uniform velocity or force at the point W er'ethe water strikes the wire or other body. As shown in the drawings, the nozzles are arranged so that the periphery of each orifice just touches the periphery if itscompanion orifice in the other row. This arrangement may, however, be varied within limits, and under certain conditions it, has been found desirable to s ace the nozzles about one diameter apart. oles of 6/64" in. diameter, with an included angle of 559 and no distance apart have been found to give very good results at the low pressures used in most mills; that is to say, between ten and forty pounds The spacing apart and the angular relation of the nozzles with respect to each other, deter mine the amount of spread which is given to each stream for a given pressure. Where as an acute angle makes for less spread and greater velocity, an obtuse angle makes for more spread and less velocity. It is'thereforep ointed out that, for a certain mini- .ard tube, Borda mouth-piece, Venturi nozzle, etc.), affects the volume of liquid ejected per unit of length. Andthe inventive idea may be embodied in various structures having perforations delivering liquid in varying'volume and at varying velocities, the desired velocity and volume being affected by the shape of the perforations or nozzles. If, with a given water pressure, a very high velocity is desired, this can be secured by the use of orifices'shaped like a? Borda mouthpiece (see Fig. 8) and if, on the other hand, large volume and not high velocity is desired, an' orifice or nozzle with a diverging bore like a Venturi nozzle, would be employed, as shown in Fig. 9.

Whatever the shape and cross-sections of the orifices may be, however, the bore or length of the orifices should be at least twice-and preferably more than three timesits diameter, in order that perfect aim and direction be secured; and the nozzles or orifices should have the angular ref mum orifice diameter which would be practically available, it is desirable to use as wide a spacing as is possible to secure the desired spread with a suitable resultant or.

consequent velocit Figs 1, 6 and illustrate the preferred embodiment of the inventive idea. As therein shown, the perforations oforifices Band 18 are arranged in an integral ribbed portion 19 of the pipe, each pair being disposed in the same transverse plane as heretofore stated. The rib 19 is provided with two faces 20 and 20', angularly disposed with respect to each other, and the orifices 18 and 18' are arranged at between 45 -and"60,

flow both in volume and velocity.

'Various' otherconstructions of shower thus produced is of substantiallyuniform pipes may be employed. to secure thebbjebts,

outside, with two strips 21 and 22 suitably secured thereto,-as by brazing or soldering. lPerforation18 passes through strip 21 and as hereinbefore stated. The sheet of liquid lation and spacing above indicated. Inasmuch as each stream impinges against another -moving-stream traveling at the same speed, practically all tendency toward diminution of velocity is obviated. The result of this, as heretofore stated, is that, with a given water pressure, the sheet of waterthat strikes the surface to be cleaned will have greater force and possible to obtain supply pressure. sult is that, inasmuch heretofore from the' same as deflecting lips and flanges are eliminated, a cheaper, simpler,

better and more eficient devlce in every re- 5 spect is produced.

It is highly desirable that cleaning device for the pipe be provided, in order that the nozzles or orifices 18 and 18' may be kept clean and open, to insure that -each pair of nozzles shall deliver the same 1 quantity of liquid. This cleaning device is arranged so that accumulations-will be removed through the waste passage 17 rather than through said nozzles.'

.' As heretofore stated, valve 16,'which preferably of rubber, is normally seated to prevent the liquid from passing through passage 17 and this valve is carried by a loo velocity than it has been 7,

A further important I'Br hollow stem 28. Preferably, the valve 16 is mounted on a movable holder 29'that is slid able in the end of stem 28, a spring 30 bearing at one end against said holder and at 7 its other end against'an abutment 31 secured pin or rivet 32.

to the stem 28 by any suitable means, as a This pin or rivet 32 also secures in place on stem 28 a cleaning device havlng an annular scraping member 33 which is connected by ribs 34 to a central portion 35 through which the'pin or'rivet 32 passes (Fig. 1). The function of the spring is to keep the valve 16 seated if,

due to changes in temperature, for example,-

a-diiference in the relativelength of pipe 12 and tube 28, should occur. Under certain working conditions, such change in length might not occurand, in that case, an ordinary non-yielding form of valve might be pitch thread 37, fbrmed on th e stem 28, with a corresponding screw-threaded opening in yoke 38formed on the T-fitting 13,- stem 28 being movedby a suitahle handle 39 formed f thereon. During the normal operation of.

v the device, the pressure of the watertends to keep the valve 16 seated.v

v The arrangement of the cleaning device so that it will move with thepvalve and valve stem is vei'y important'as the cleaning acthrough the orifices. 18 or 18". vents these "orifices .frombeing clogged up ,45

chines jecting streams of liquid, the

tion cannot be started until the wash;out valve '16 is opened, whereby alldirtor ac- ,cu'mulations arecaused to flow out through i the passage 17 and not attempt to escape This pre or, what is, if anything, more objectionable, having the dirt ofaccumulationspass out throughsaid'or'ifices and intd the paper, thus injuring the same. e

j While for thepurpose' of illustration, va-

rious. embodiments of the inventive idea'- have been shown and described in detail, ;it

is to be understood that-the inverition is not 1 limited to the structures illustrated but that "the inventive idea is susceptible 0 various other -mechanical expressions within the limits of the appended claims. v p I S This application constitutes .a continuation of my copending. application for' shower pipes,'Serial No. 84=8,416, filed July 1, 1914, as concernssuch subject matter as is common to the two applications.

What is claimed is f 1. A

shower pipe for pape'r-makingma having two rows of perforations prostreams from.

- chines one row of perforations impinging upon the streams from the other row of perforations thereby converting the streams into a sheet, the said perforations being spaced apart equal distances and. so arranged that the less forceful marginal portions of the streams overlap whereby there is produced a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform velocity and force throughout.

2. A shower pipe for paper making machines provided with two longitudinal series of perforations, one perforatlon of each series being arranged opposite a corresponding perforation in the other series and at an angle of not less than 45 and not more than 60, and ,each perforation having a length not less than twice its diameter, said perforations in each series being equally spaced apart longitudinally and /so arranged that the less forceful marginal portions 'of the streams overlap whereby there is produced a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform ve locity and force throughout.

3. A'shower pi e for paper making machines provided wlth two rows of'oppositely' disposed perforations, each perforation-hav ing a length not less than twice its diameter and being arranged at an angle of not less than 45? and not more than 60 to its corresponding perforation, said perforations be- 9 ing equally spaced apart longitudinally and p so'arrang'ed that the less forceful marginal portions of the streams overlap whereby there is produced a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform velocity and force throughout.

'4. A shower pipe for paper making maproyided with two-rows of oppositely disposed perforations, each perforation having a length not less than 'twice its diameter. and being arranged at an angle of not less than. 45,? and not more than 60 to its corresponding perforation,the said perforations being equally spaced apart longitudinally and soarranged that the less forceful marginal portions ofthe streams overlap where by there is produced'a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform velocity and force throughout, the discharge ends of each pair of. perforations being not more than one diamcter apart; l v p 5. A wash or so-called shower pipe for paper making machinesprovided with two rows of oppositely disposednozzles, and each nozzle .being angularly arranged with respect to its companion nozzle .in th other row and having a'length not less than twice its diameter, the said perforations being equally spaced apart longitudinally and 'so arranged that the less forceful marginal portions of the streams overlap whereby there is produced a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform] velocity and force throughout.

p 6. A wash or so-called shower pipe for paper making machines provided with two rows of oppositely disposed nozzles, and each nozzle being angularly arranged with respect to its companion nozzlein the other row and having a length not less than twice its diameter, the discharge ends of each pair of nozzles being separate and not more than one diameter apart, the said perforations being equally spaced apart longitudinally and so arranged that the less forceful marginal portions of the streams overlap whereby there is produced a sheet of liquid of substantially uniform velocity and force throughout. y

7 A straight wash or so-called shower pipe for paper-making machines provided with two longitudinal rows of equally spaced nozzles one nozzle in each row being in the same transverse plane as a nozzle in the other row and .angularly arranged with respect thereto whereby streams issuing from each pair of nozzles will impinge upon each other and spread out in fan-like formation, said nozzles being .50 positioned longitudinally that the less forceful marginal portions of each fan-like formation will overlap and strengthen the marginal portions of adjacent fan-like formations thus producing asheet of fluid of substantially equal strength and velocity throughout at the point where it engages the body to be cleansed.

8; A straight wash or so-called shower pipe for paper-making machines provided with two longitudinal rows of equally spaced nozzles one nozzle in each row being in the same transverse plans as a nozzle in the other row and angularly arranged with respect thereto whereby streams issuing from each pair of nozzles will impinge upon each other and spread out in fan-like formation, said nozzles being so positioned longitudinally that the less forceful marginal portions of each fan-like formation will overlap and strengthen the marginal portions of adjacent fan-like formations thus producing a sheet of fluid-of substantially equal strength and velocity throughout at the point where it engages the body 7 is mounted, and a hollow cylindrical cleaning device carried by said stem.

10. A shower pipe for paper making machines provided with an inlet and an outlet, a spring-pressed valve normally closing said outlet, a stem on which said valve is mounted, and a cleaning device carried by said stem.

11. A shower pipe for paper making machines provided with an inlet and an outlet, a valve normally closing said outlet, a stem on which said valve is mounted, and into which the valve vhas-a lost motion connection, and a scraping device' for said pipe carried by said stem.

12. A shower pipe for paper making machines provided with an inlet and an outlet, a spring-pressed valve normally closing said outlet, a stem on which said valve is mounted, a scraping device for said pipe carried by said stem, and means comprising screw threads on the stem for holding said stem in .place. v

13. A shower pipe for paper making machines provided with an inlet and an outlet, a spring-pressed valve normally closing said outlet, a stem on which said valve is mounted, and a hollow cylindrical cleaning device movable with said valve.

14. A' shower pipe for paper making machines provided with an inlet and an outlet,

a valve normally closing said outlet, a stem on which said valve 1s mounted and ewlth which. the valve has a lost -mot1on connection, and a scraping device for saidpipe JOHN WARREN vnnnjna 

